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Constrained writing is a literary technique in which the writer is bound by some condition that forbids certain things or imposes a pattern.〔 ==Description== Constraints are very common in poetry, which often requires the writer to use a particular verse form. The most common constrained forms of writing are strict restrictions in vocabulary, e.g. Basic English, copula-free text, defining vocabulary for dictionaries, and other limited vocabularies for teaching English as a Second Language or to children. This is not generally what is meant by “constrained writing” in the literary sense, which is motivated by more aesthetic concerns. For example: * Reverse-lipograms: each word must contain a particular letter. * Univocalic poetry, using only one vowel. * Mandated vocabulary, where the writer must include specific words, chosen a priori, along with the writer's own freely chosen words (for example, (Quadrivial Quandary ), a website that solicits individual sentences containing all four words in a daily selection). * Bilingual homophonous poetry, where the poem makes sense in two different languages at the same time, thus constituting two simultaneous homophonous poems.〔(Bilingual Homophonous Poetry ) - Italo-Hebraic Bilingual Homophonous Poem by linguist Ghil'ad Zuckermann, in which the Hebrew poem sounds identical to the Italian one, both making full sense - see Zuckermann, Ghil'ad (2006), "Shir Du-Leshoni" (Bilingual Poem), ''Ho!, Literary Magazine'' 3, pp. 256-257.〕 * Alliteratives, in which every word must start with the same letter (or subset of letters; see ''Alphabetical Africa''). * Lipogram: a letter (commonly e or o) is outlawed. * Acrostics: first letter of each word/sentence/paragraph forms a word or sentence. * Palindromes, such as the word “radar”, read the same forwards and backwards. * Anglish, favouring Anglo-Saxon words over Greek and Roman/Latin words. * Pilish, where the lengths of consecutive words match the digits of the number π. * Anagrams, words or sentences formed by rearranging the letters of another. * Limitations in punctuation, such as Peter Carey's book ''True History of the Kelly Gang'', which features no commas. * One syllable article, a form unique to Chinese literature, using many characters all of which are homophones; the result looks sensible as writing but is very confusing when read aloud. * Chaterism, where the length of words in a phrase or sentence increases or decreases in a uniform, mathematical way as in "I am the best Greek bowler running", or "hindering whatever tactics appear". * Aleatory, where the reader supplies a random input. The Oulipo group is a gathering of writers who use such techniques. The Outrapo group uses theatrical constraints. There are a number of constrained writing forms that are restricted by length, including: * Six-Word Memoirs: 6 words * Haiku: ~ 3 lines (5-7-5 syllables or 2-3-2 beats recommended.) * Minisaga: 50 words, +15 for title * Drabble: 100 words * Twiction: espoused as a specifically constrained form of microfiction where a story or poem is exactly 140 characters long. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「constrained writing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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